Upgraded biofuel from residue biomass by Thermo-Catalytic Reforming and hydrodeoxygenation |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King''s College Road, M5S 3G8 Toronto, Ontario, Canada;2. Aerospace Research Center, National Research Council of Canada, 1200 Montreal Road, K1A 0R6 Ottawa, Ontario, Canada |
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Abstract: | Research is focused on the utilisation of waste or residue biomass for bioenergy conversion. A promising conversion technology for the production of liquid biofuels from residue biomass is a process called Thermo-Catalytic Reforming (TCR®) which is a combination of prior thermal treatment of the biomass at mild temperatures (intermediate pyrolysis) followed by a second catalytic treatment step at elevated temperatures (reforming). This article focuses on the conversion of TCR® liquids from digestate as a feedstock for subsequent hydrocarbon production. The generated bio-oil showed a lower heating value of 34.0 MJ kg−1 with an oxygen content of 7.0% and a water content of 2.2%. The bio-oil was hydrodeoxygenated using an industrial NiMo–Al2O3 catalyst at temperatures of 503 K–643 K and a pressure of 14 MPa. The hydrodeoxygenated bio-oil reached a lower heating value of 42.3 MJ kg−1 with an oxygen content below 0.8 mg kg−1 and water content of 30 ppm. Product yields and catalyst life give confidence that upgrading of the TCR® bio-oil offers a suitable option to meet the high standards of common fuels. |
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Keywords: | Thermo-Catalytic Reforming Intermediate pyrolysis Biofuel Pyrolysis oil Hydrodeoxygenation Digestate HDO" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0045" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" hydrodeoxygenation LHV" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0055" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" lower heating value LHSV" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0065" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" Liquid hourly space velocity TAN" },{" #name" :" keyword" ," $" :{" id" :" kwrd0075" }," $$" :[{" #name" :" text" ," _" :" total acid number Thermo-Catalytic Reforming |
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