Transboundary movement of genetically modified organisms in India: Current scenario and a decision support system |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Scientific Institute of Public Health (WIV-ISP), Platform of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology (PBB) and Biosafety and Biotechnology Unit (SBB), J. Wytsmanstraat 14, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;2. Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food Research (ILVO), Technology and Food Sciences Unit, Burg. Van Gansberghelaan 115 bus 1, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;3. Institute for Agricultural, Fisheries and Food Research (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Caritasstraat 39, 9090 Melle, Belgium;4. Ghent University, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Ghent, Belgium;5. Ghent University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;1. Campden BRI, Station Road, Chipping Campden, GL55 6LD, United Kingdom;2. Bernard Matthews Limited, Great Witchingham Hall, Norwich, NR9 5QD, United Kingdom;3. BOC Linde, Chinor Road, Thame, OX9 3NX, United Kingdom;1. School of Biotechnology & Food Engineering, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, PR China;2. National Engineering Laboratory of Food Storage and Transportation, Nanjing University of Finances and Economics, Nanjing 210023, PR China;3. School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia;1. Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Textile and Polymer Engineering, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, PO Box: 89195-155, Yazd, Iran;3. Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran;4. Food and Drug Reference Control Laboratories Center, Food and Drug Organization, Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOH), Tehran, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Genetically modified (GM) crops have benefited global agriculture by introduction of superior traits for better agronomic performance, ensuring nutritional security and mitigating climate change. In India, to meet the demand of burgeoning population and to withstand the changing climate, GM crops would play an important role. Since 1997, GM crops are being imported through Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (NBPGR), New Delhi, the designated nodal organization for quarantine processing and import of GMOs (referred to GM planting material in present context) for research purposes. In the present study, an attempt has been made to analyze the trend of import of GMOs. Till the end of 2015, 205 consignments of fifteen GM crops have been imported from 19 countries by public and private sector. Detailed analysis of diversity in traits of imported GM events and imported stacked traits in cotton and maize has been made. In the recent past, four consignments of GMOs have been exported for research purposes. Involvement of public/private sector in transboundary movement of GMOs was evaluated. Along with quarantine processing of imported/exported GMOs, molecular testing for specific transgenic elements as claimed by the importer/exporter is also carried out employing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR based markers. Efficient detection strategies based on GMO matrix as a decision support system, loop-mediated isothermal amplification and multi-target real-time PCR-based systems have been developed. The data presented herein would provide a decision support system to check for authorized/unauthorized GMOs in food and supply chain. |
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| Keywords: | Decision support system Export Genetically modified crops Import Transboundary movement |
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