世界炼油工业发展新动向及我国的对策

近年来，地处西半球的美国、加拿大、委内瑞拉等美洲国家的石油储产量大幅增长，正逐步成为继中东之后全球油气勘探开发的新兴热点区域，全球石油消费重心和炼油发展中心进一步转移至东半球国家。原油资源供应进一步趋紧，页岩气、页岩油等非常规油气资源开发成热点。与此同时．世界炼油工业发展格局也呈现出一系列新动向：原油重质劣质化趋势明显，重油加工难度增大，重油深加工技术主要在技术优化、催化剂升级等方面取得了进展；清洁燃料标准加速升级，向低硫、超低硫方向发展，清洁燃料生产技术向产品高品质化方向发展；炼厂增产丙烯、芳烃等化工原料技术伴随炼化一体化战略加快发展：替代能源技术受到高度重视，迈入规模工业应用阶段。当前我国炼油工业迎来了战略发展机遇期，但面临原油供应趋紧、原油品质重劣质化、环保要求趋严等严峻挑战，必须借鉴国际先进经验，采取相应对策：扩大原油来源，实现渠道多极化和资源多元化；积极应对原油重质化劣质化的挑战，提高重油深加工能力；加快清洁燃料质量升级换代，多产柴油调整油品结构；加强自主技术创新，支撑和引领业务发展。

New Trends in Global Petroleum Refining Industry and Countermeasures for China

In recent years ,the oil reserves and production of some American countries in the western hemi sphere,including the United States,Canada and Venezuela,have been growing rapidly.These countries are be coming new hotspots for oil and gas exploration and development worldwide after the Middle East and the global centers for oil consumption and refining are moving further to countries in the eastern hemisphere.As crude supplies become tighter,unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas and oil are becoming the hotspots for resource development.At the same time,some new trends are emerging in the developments of the world＇s oil refining industry：Crude oil feeds are becoming increasingly heavy and low quality,the ditiq cuhy in processing heavy crude is increasing,and advances in heavy been concentrated on technological improvement and catalyst upgrading are gaining speed,towards production of lowsulfur and ultralowsulfur crude deep processing technology has ;the upgrade of clean fuel standards products,and a trend is apparent that new clean fuel production technologies are increasingly targeted at producing highquality products;develop ment of technologies for refineries to increase production of chemical feedstock such as propylene and arene is gaining speed, benefiting from refining and chemical integration strategy ;and alternative energy technology is highly valued and has entered the stage of largescale industrial application.China＇s refining industry is fac ing an opportunity for strategic growth as well as big challenges resulting from tight crude of increasingly heavy and lowquality crude feeds,and strict environmental requirements.The draw on international successful experience and sources by diversifying crude supplies and types the use of heavy and lowquality crude feeds by industry must take appropriate countermeasures,including increasing crude of resources ,actively responding to the challenges posed by enhancing the capacity of deep processing heavy crude oil, quickening the upgrade of clean fuels ,increasing the yield of diesel fuels in product mix,and strengthening technological innovation to support and guide business development