天然有机物引起的超滤膜污染研究进展

天然有机物(NOM)在多种地表环境介质中广泛存在。超滤(UF)膜有去除水体中胶体物质、部分细菌及病毒等优势,但NOM所带来的膜污染会限制UF技术广泛应用。在阐述天然有机物来源、特性及去除工艺的基础上,从亲疏水性能、分子量大小和表面荷电性能3方面,分析了NOM性质对超滤膜污染的影响。从优势污染物的确定、膜面有机污染物类型的解析、污染层形态特征的分析及微观相互作用力的表征4个层面,综述了天然有机物引起的超滤膜污染的研究现状,并对超滤膜污染机理研究的方向进行了展望。研究成果可为缓解NOM对UF膜的污染提供理论支撑。

Research Progress on the Fouling of Ultrafiltration Membrane by Natural Organic Matter

Natural organic matter (NOM) exists widely in multiple ground media. Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane has advantages of removing the colloidal substances, bacteria and viruses in water. Nevertheless, membrane fouling induced by NOM limits the broad application of UF technology. In this paper, the influence of NOM properties, inclusive of hydrophilic and hydrophobia performances, molecular weight, and surface charge performance, on membrane fouling is expounded based on introducing the sources, characteristics and removal techniques of NOM. Research progresses on the determining of dominant pollutant, the interpreting of organic pollutant types on membrane surface, the analysis of morphological characteristics of the fouling layer, and the characterization of microscopic interaction force are reviewed. Last but not the least, direction of research on the mechanism of UF membrane fouling is prospected. Research results can provide theoretical support for mitigation of NOM pollution on UF membranes.