Effect of tomato by-products in the diet of Comisana sheep on composition and conjugated linoleic acid content of milk fat |
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| Authors: | Raffaele Romano Felicia Masucci Anella Giordano Salvatore Spagna Musso Daniele Naviglio Antonello Santini |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Food Science, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Napoli, Italy;2. Department of Soil, Plant, Environmental, and Animal Production Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Napoli, Italy;1. Department of Ruminant Science, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, PO Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel;2. ‘Ambar’ Feed Mill, Granot, Israel;3. Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel;4. Forage Preservation and By-Products Research Unit, The Volcani Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan, Israel;1. State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China;2. College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;3. Ningbo institute of Microcirculation and Henbane, Ningbo 315010, China;1. Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran;2. Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord 34141-88186, Iran;3. FKA Agri-Animal Production Co., Isfahan 13895-81799, Iran;4. Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, LANUPRO, Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Proefhoevestraat 10, Melle 9090, Belgium;5. Dairy Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007-0647, USA;2. Massey University, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand;3. Fonterra Research Centre Palmerston North, Dairy Farm Road, Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand;1. Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan;2. Mariculture Fisheries Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization, 1-156-3 Funami-cho, Muroran, Hokkaido 051-0013, Japan;3. School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan;4. Field Science Education and Research Center, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan |
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| Abstract: | To evaluate the effect of supplementing the diet of Comisana sheep with by-products from industrial tomato manufacture on the fat composition and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of milk fat, two groups of 50 ewes each were fed either total mixed ration standard (TMRS) or total mixed ration with added tomato by-products (TMRA). Milk fat composition was determined by high-resolution gas chromatography (HRGC). The milk fat content for the animals fed the TMRA diet increased by 6.41% (P < 0.01) after six weeks, compared with the animals fed the TMRS diet. The CLA content in the milk fat for the group of animals fed the TMRA diet was 19.8% (P < 0.05) higher than for those fed the TMRS diet, and reached 1.33 g 100 g?1 fat, while the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content increased by a 6.43% (P < 0.05) and reached 7.12 g 100 g?1 fat. The fatty acid composition showed an increase in the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The n ? 3:n ? 6 ratio increased by 13% in the milk from sheep fed with the TMRA diet. These observations were confirmed by triglyceride analysis, which showed a decrease in the amount of short-chain (C28–C32) and medium-chain (C34–C42) triglycerides after six weeks, while the opposite was observed for the long-chain triglycerides (C44–C54). |
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