Evolution of the intergranular phase during sintering of CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics |
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| Authors: | J.J. Romero P. Leret F. Rubio-Marcos A. Quesada J.F. Fernández |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio, CSIC, C/Kelsen 5, 28049-Madrid, Spain;2. Dpto. Física de Materiales e Instituto de Magnetismo Aplicado, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28240-Madrid, Spain;1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma''anshan 243002, PR China;2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China;3. Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China;4. College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China;5. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, PR China;1. Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China;2. College of Physics and Optoelectronics, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, PR China;3. College of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Anyang Normal University, Anyang 455000, PR China;1. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, PB 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;2. School of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China;1. São Paulo State University – UNESP, Faculty of Engineering of Guaratingueta, Av. Dr. Ariberto Pereira da Cunha 333, Portal das Colinas, 12.516-410, Guaratinguetá, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Federal University of ABC - UFABC, Center for Natural and Human Science (CCNH), Av. Dos Estados 5001, Bangu, 09.210-580, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil;1. College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, 2 Lushan South Road, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment, Xi`an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Road, Xi`an, 710049, Shaanxi, China |
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| Abstract: | CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) ceramics have been processed by solid state reaction and sintered at 1100 °C for different times. A clear increase of the dielectric constant of the material up to values of 6 × 104 has been observed with the sintering time. This increase is accompanied by a limited grain growth and intergranular Cu-oxide phase thickness reduction. The disappearance of the Cu-oxide phase is caused by the incorporation of Cu cations into the grains, contributing to the increase of the dielectric constant. Raman spectroscopy shows the decrease of TiO6 octahedral rotational modes with the sintering time due to the incorporation of Cu cations into the CCTO grains. XANES measurements show that the Cu main oxidation state is Cu2+ and does not change with the sintering time. The fitting of the experimental dielectric constant to the Internal Barrier Layer Capacitance (IBLC) model reveals the change of the intergranular phase dielectric constant, caused by a compositional change due to the incorporation of Cu into the CCTO grains. |
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