GC/MS仪器与发展及其在环境监测中的应用

综述了近几年ＧＣ－ＭＳ仪器的发展及其在环境监测中的应用。台式、高灵敏度、操作简单、扫描速度快、价格低是未来 ＧＣ－ＭＳ的发展方向。各种不同的电离方式在环境监测中都得到广泛应用。尤其是负化学电离和 ＭＳＭＳ联用技术在农药残留的分析中具有灵敏度高，选择性好的独特优点。对环境水、空气和废气中ＶＯＣｓ、农药类（含除草剂）、ＰＡＨｓ、ＰＣＢｓ、恶臭化合物的分析作了评述。并详细介绍了样品的前处理方法，包括顶空（ＨＳ）、吹扫／捕集（Ｐ／Ｔ）、固相草取（ＳＰＥ）、固相微革取（ＳＰＭＥ）、ＰＴＶ、超临界流体萃取（ＳＦＥ）、ＣＡＮＩＳＴＥＲ采样罐、冷凝聚（ＣＦ）等。另外，对生物食品，二恶咽的分析及样品前处理进行了详细评述。

The development of GC/MS instrument and its applications in environmental monitoring

This paper reviews the development of GC/MS instrument and its applications in environmental monitoring in a few years. The future developments of GC/MS are table model, high sensitivity, and simple operation, high-speed scan, inexpensive etc. A few different ionization modes were applied in environmental monitoring, such as negative chemical ionization copulated to GC/MS, has the advantages of high sensitivity and good selectivity in the rudimental determination of pesticide. The VOCs in environmental water, air and exhaust gas, pesticides (contain as herbicides), PAHs, PCBs and effluvium compounds were reviewed. And sample pretreatment methods, such as head-space(HS), purge and trap(P/T), solid phase extraction(SPE), solid phase micro extraction (SPME), PTV, canister, cryofocus(CF) etc were introduced detailedly. In addition, the pretreatment methods of biology food samples, analysis of PCDD and PCDF were reviewed in detail.