| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA;2. Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;3. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;4. Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, University of Skopje, Skopje, Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia;5. Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA |
| Abstract: | Renal disorders account for a substantial fraction of the budget for health care in many countries. Proteinuria is a frequent manifestation in afflicted patients, but the origin of the proteins varies based on the nature of the disorder. The emerging field of urinary proteomics has the potential to replace kidney biopsy as the diagnostic procedure of choice for patients with some glomerular forms of renal disease. To fully realize this potential, it is vital to understand the basis for the urinary excretion of protein in physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we discuss the structure of the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney, and the process by which proteins/peptides enter the urine. We discuss several aspects of proteinuria that impact the proteomic analysis of urine of patients with renal diseases. |
