烷基化技术进展

为减少汽车尾气对环境的污染,环保法日益严格,各国对清洁能源的需求更加迫切,清洁燃料的生产成了炼油厂的重中之重,因烷基化油具有良好的性能使其得到很大重视,烷基化技术也因此得到了很大程度的开发。烷基化油是一种具有低蒸汽压、不含烯烃及芳烃等有害杂质的理想汽油高辛烷值调和组分。目前,烷基化技术包括液体酸烷基化法及固体酸烷基化法。其中,液体酸烷基化法又分为氢氟酸法、硫酸法、离子液体法等。介绍了Stratco、Exxon Mobil、UOP、Phillips、Kellogg等世界几大公司的烷基化技术;同时对国内采用上述部分技术投建的装置情况也做了简单介绍;分析概括了一些新型烷基化技术的利用和发展情况;强调了固体酸烷基化技术的优势;最后对中国石油的发展提出了建议。

Research Progress in the Alkylation Technology

In order to reduce the pollution of automobile exhaust on the environment, environmental laws become more stringent ,and the demand for clean fuel becomes more urgent, so that the clean fuel production has become the top priority of refinery, it gets a great deal of attention because of its good performance. At the same time, the alkylation technology has obtained rapid development. The alkylate is an ideal high octane gasoline blending component with low vapor pressure, without harmful impurities such as olefins and aromatics. At present, alkylation technologies include liquid acid alkylation and solid acid alkylation. The liquid acid alkylation contains hydrofluoric acid alkylation, sulfuric acid alkylation, and ionic liquid alkylation. In this paper, some alkylation technologies used in large companies, such as Stratco, ExxonMobil, UOP, Phillips, Kellogg and so on were introduced; at the same time, some devices using the above alkylation technologies in China were also introduced, development and utilization situation of some new alkylation technologies were summarized; advantages of the solid acid alkylation technology were discussed; finally some suggestions on the development of Chinese petroleum industry were put forward.