Intravascular release of a platelet-activating factor-like lipid (PAF-LL) induced by cigarette smoking |
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Authors: | Tada-atsu Imaizumi |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Pathological Physiology, Institute of Neurological Diseases, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifucho, 036 Hirosaki, Japan |
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Abstract: | To assess the role of platelet-activating factor (PAF) in smoking-induced vascular injury, the effect of cigarette smoking
on PAF-like lipid (PAF-LL) in plasma was studied. The subjects were 12 young smokers (22±1.3 years old), 13 young non-smokers
(22±2.1 years old), 14 older smokers (59±9.6 years old), and 11 older non-smokers (60±8.7 years old). Lipids were extracted
from 5 mL of plasma and then were separated by thin-layer chromatography. The fraction with the same migration as authentic
PAF was recovered and tested for the ability to aggregate human polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN). The activity was identified
as PAF-LL because it was inactivated by phospholipase A2, and because the effects on PMN were blocked by CV-3988, a competitive antagonist of the PAF receptor. PAF-LL was detected
in plasma from 3 young non-smokers (23%), 5 young smokers (42%), 3 older non-smokers (27%) and 11 older smokers (79%). The
incidence of the detection of plasma PAF-LL in older smokers was significantly higher than those in young non-smokers (p<0.01)
or in older non-smokers (p<0.05). In young smokers, the acute effect of smoking was also studied. Plasma PAF-LL was detected
in all of the 12 subjects immediately after smoking a cigarette, in sharp contrast to the incidence of 42% before smoking.
Plasma β-thromboglobulin was highest in older smokers, and it increased significantly after smoking a cigarette in young smokers.
Smoking is associated with increased production of PAF or a similar lipid, which may play an important role in the pathogenesis
of smoking-induced vascular diseases.
Based on a paper presented at the Third International Conference on Platelet-Activating Factor and Structurally Related Alkyl
Ether Lipids, Tokyo, Japan, May 1989. |
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