Investigation of Patch Antennas Based on Embedded Multiple PBG Structure

The method of finite-difference time domain was used, and characteristics of the patch antenna based on drilling air holes and embedding a metal boundary in the substrate were studied. The results indicate that the surface waves which propagate along the surface of the substrate can be suppressed by the multiple photonic band-gap structure because of its effect of forbidden band, that it can radiate most of electromagnetic waves' energy in the substrate significantly, and that it has lower return loss (S11) compared to the conventional patch antennas. Thus, a high gain is attained, its performance is improved. Due to these advantages, the extending use of photonic crystal patch antennas in the areas of mobile communication, satellite communication, aviation, etc., is expected.