基于安全边界的高渗透率可再生能源配电系统规划研究思路

提出了基于安全边界的高渗透率可再生能源配电系统规划思路及研究方案。首先,对目前国内配电网规划在接入可再生能源后面临的问题进行探讨,指出系统安全是限制可再生能源高比例的瓶颈,而安全边界可以刻画系统满足N-1安全准则的最大运行范围,是突破"高比例"瓶颈的有效方法。然后,分析发现在高比例可再生能源场景下,安全边界的模型、性质与机理将发生重大变化:边界范围将从单象限域变为全象限域,配电网的功能与安全性特征随着渗透率增长而明显不同,需要找到引起安全性质变化的临界渗透率。最后,提出基于安全边界的规划思路与研究方案:根据边界形状大小等指标优劣来选取网架结构,并优化储能、主动负荷等可控元件;分别研究高负荷密度城市场景与可再生资源丰富乡村场景下的规划方法;借鉴容载比,发展出广义源—荷配比,从宏观上指导实际规划;形成新的配电网规划标准系统与仿真平台。

Security Boundary Based Research Idea on Planning of Distribution Networks with High Renewable Penetration

The security boundary based planning idea and research scheme for the distribution system with high penetration of renewable energy generation are proposed. Firstly, the problems of the distribution network in China caused by integration of renewable energy generation are discussed. It is pointed out that the system security is the bottleneck limiting the high proportion of renewable energy generation while the security boundary, which is an effective way to break through the limitation, can describe the maximum operation range of a system when N-1 guideline is considered. Then, it has been found that the model, characteristics and mechanism of security boundary will significantly change in the scenario of high proportion of renewable energy generation: the range of security boundary will transform to a total-quadrant region from a single-quadrant region; the function and security characteristics will differ a great deal with an increase in penetration. Thus, it is necessary to determine the critical penetration rates which will cause essential changes of security. Finally, a security boundary based planning idea is proposed: 1)The network configuration will be selected based on the index of security boundary, such as shapes, and the controllable components, such as energy storage and active load, should be optimized. 2)The two planning methods for the scenarios of high-load density in urban area and rich renewable energy in rural area. 3)The generalized source-load index is developed by referring to the load ratio, to guide the practical planning. 4)New test system and simulation platform for distribution network planning is developed.