智能小区居民负荷参与优化调度及控制策略研究

随着居民用电设备的快速发展，居民用电占社会用电的比例越来越大，调动居民负荷参与需求侧响应值得深入研究。首先，建立了智能小区参与需求侧响应的双层调度模型，上层为配电网运营商收益最大化，下层为智能小区用户总调度成本最低。其次，该模型考虑了各类用电设备的负荷模型、用户的舒适度以及基于调峰贡献度指标约束的激励措施。最后，考虑到居民负荷参与调度会产生功率波动的问题，以功率较大的空调负荷为例，针对空调参与调度造成功率跌落的现象提出相应的控制策略。结果表明，双层调度模型能够使用户按照配电网运营商的调控期望进行调度，调峰效果较好，并且兼顾配电网运营商和用户的利益。提出的两种控制策略均有效地减小了功率跌落，提高了配电网的稳定性。

Optimal dispatching and control strategies for residential load of intelligent communities

With the rapid development of residential electricity equipment, the proportion of residential electricity in social electricity consumption is increasing. Mobilizing residential load to participate in demand side response is worthy of in-depth research. First, a two-layer scheduling model for intelligent community participation in demand side response is established. The upper layer maximizes the profits of distribution network operators, and the lower layer has the lowest total scheduling cost for intelligent community users. Second, the model considers the load models of various types of electrical equipment, user comfort, and incentive measures based on peak shaving contribution index constraints. Finally, considering the issue of power fluctuations caused by residential load participation in scheduling, and taking high-power air conditioning loads as an example, it proposes corresponding control strategies to address the phenomenon of power drops caused by air conditioning participation in scheduling. The results show that the double-layer scheduling model can enable users to schedule according to the scheduling expectations of distribution network operators, the peak shaving effect is good. It also takes into account the interests of both distribution network operators and users. The two proposed control strategies effectively reduce power drop and improve the stability of the distribution network.