功能安全完整性评估中的人因可靠性评价及应用

人因可靠性是石化装置的功能安全管理和功能安全完整性评估过程中需要考虑的重要因素。根据人因可靠性分析（HRA）评价流程，以操作和维修班组为对象，结合文献资料和石化生产实际，确定功能安全管理中影响操作和维修人员的人因可靠性因素，以此构建个人、班组人因可靠性层次化评价指标体系。通过问卷调查、事故案例统计的方式获取评价所需的数据。根据评价体系和所获取的数据，以某操作员为例，采用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法等，评价其人因可靠性程度。以班组为单位的操作和维修的HRA方法，为石化生产过程人因管理提供了新的思路，有助于提高石化装置的功能安全。

Human Reliability Assessment and Its Application in Functional Safety Integrity Evaluation

Human reliability is one of important factors which should be considered in the functional safety management and functional safety integrity assessment process in petrochemical plants. According to human reliability assessment procedure, and with the characteristics of operation and maintenance crew, and combing with the literature and manufacture experience in petrochemical plant, the factor influencing the operation and maintenance staff＇s human reliability is determined during functional safety management, and the hierarchical evaluation index system for individual and crew human reliability is proposed. The data of individual and crew human reliability index for human reliability evaluation were obtained by various ways such as questionnaires and accident statistics. One operator＇s human reliability is evaluated with analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on the evaluation system and the obtained data. The human reliability analysis approach for operation and maintenance, provides new ideas for human management in petrochemical processing, and is helpful to improve function safety of petrochemical plant.