A mathematical model for blood flow through an arterial bifurcation

By introducing the finite element technique, a study of blood flow through an arterial bifurcation is presented in this paper. The blood is represented by a modified model of thixotropic power-law fluids, for which the parametric values for blood, both in normal and pathological states, have already been established. The results for the velocity profiles, pressure and wall shear stress distributions are elucidated and discussed for normal old and diseased states. The separation and reattachment points are also located for different values of the Reynolds number and the flow behaviour index (n) of the model representing the blood. The analysis identifies low shear stress zones behind the stenosis along the outer wall and high shear stresses downstream of the apex. The increasing percentage of the stenosis and the increasing values of the Reynolds number facilitate the high shear stress zones, whereas the thixotropy of the blood depicts an inbuilt mechanism of reducing high shear stresses as well as flow reversal regions.