邻避设施规划之困境——上海磁悬浮事件的个案分析

许多城市正常运行所必需的公共设施,都面临因负外部性而引发的公众抵制现象,这种现象一般被称为邻避。长期以来,邻避现象被视为公众自私心理的反映,其症结也被归因为利益问题。通过对上海磁悬浮事件的分析,指出邻避设施规划冲突背后存在着复杂的矛盾关系,并非单纯的自私心理或利益因素能够解释。邻避设施规划必须回归到理性的公共利益分析与管理上,解决公共利益界定、利益保护和程序这三个关键问题,方能促进规划的顺利实施。

DILEMMA IN NIMBY FACILITY PLANNING:A CASE STUDY OF MAGNETICALLY LEVITATED TRAIN IN SHANGHAI

Public facilities,which are needed to keep the city running properly,are faced with public boycott due to negative externalities.This phenomenon is called NIMBY(Not In My Back Yard).The NIMBY phenomenon has long been regarded as the re? ection of public selfishness,and its sticking point has also been attributed to interest.By analyzing the case of magnetically levitated train in Shanghai,this paper indicates that there are complicated contradictions behind the NIMBY.It cannot be explained only from the perspective of selfishness or interest factors.NIMBY facility planning should be based on rational analysis of public interest and its management.To promote the smooth implementation of the plan,three key problems should be solved,that is,the definition of public interest,interest protection and procedure justice.