基于遥感与GIS的青海湖地区土地利用变化及其对生态环境影响的研究

根据1986年和2000年TM影像资料,运用遥感信息解译与地理信息系统技术,结合数理统计知识,分析了青海湖地区1986~2000年土地利用类型在数量与空间结构上的变化以及土地利用变化对青海湖地区生态环境产生的影响。土地类型转换结果分析表明:耕地、水域和城乡居住建设用地分别增加了5 930.82 hm²、2 218.75 hm²和382.68 hm²。而林地、草地和未利用土地分别减少了7 542.64 hm²、894.34 hm²和95.28 hm²。在减少的7 542.64 hm²草地面积中,有6266.56 hm²草地被开垦成耕地,601.40hm²草地净转换为沙地。

Study on Landuse Change and Its Influence on Eco-environment in Qinghai Lake Region

The study area of this paper is Qinghai Lake, the largest salt lake in China, which lies in the northwest of Qinghai province. The data derived from TM image in 1986 and 2000. Based on Remote Sensing, GIS and Mathematical Statistics, we analyze quantity and spatial construction changes of the landuse types. We also discuss the influence of the land use changes on the Qinghai Lake's environment. The result shows that the farmland, water area and residential area all increase by 5 930.82 hm 2, 2 218.75 hm 2 and 382.69 hm 2 respectively. But the forest land, grassland and un used land decreased by 7 542.64 hm 2, 894.34 hm 2 and 95.28 hm 2 respectively. In the decreasing part of the grassland, 6 266.56 hm 2 grassland area changed into cultivated land and 601.40 hm 2 grassland area changed into sand.