在线单粒子质谱研究进展

单粒子质谱(SPMS)能够在线测量气溶胶粒子的粒径和化学组成，在大气化学研究、环境污染监测等方面有广泛的应用前景。一般的在线单粒子质谱主要由进样系统，粒径测量系统和化学组分分析系统三部分组成。气溶胶粒子来源广泛，组成复杂，对于不同类型的气溶胶粒子需要采用不同的电离方式。用于研究气溶胶颗粒的单粒子质谱种类繁多，激光电离单粒子质谱和电子轰击电离单粒子质谱是最早出现也是目前发展较为成熟的两种仪器。近年来出现了一些采用软电离技术的新型单粒子质谱，能够对气溶胶的化学组分进行定量分析。随着科技的不断发展，提高仪器的性能以扩展仪器的应用范围，仪器的商品化将是单粒子质谱仪发展的主要趋势。

Developments of Single Particle Mass Spectrometry

Aerodynamic diameter and chemical compositions of single aerosol are obtained by single particle mass spectrometry (SPMS) in real time. SPMS has wide application prospect in monitoring tropospheric aerosols and environment pollution study. A single particle mass spectrometry usually composed of inlet system, particle diameter measurement system and chemical composition analysis system. Different types of SPMS were developed for analyzing aerosols with various sources and complex composition. Two types of SPMS including laser ionization and EI ionization SPMS are introduced according to the difference on ionization method and the new SPMS using soft ionization technology, which capable of quantitative analysis are specifically presented. With the development of science and technology, the main studies focus on wider applications and higher performance.