软件开发过程及其模型(Ⅰ)

软件过程模型是软件过程的一种模型,它是软件开发的指导思想和全局性框架。软件过程模型的提出和发展反映了人们对软件过程的某种认识观,体现了人们对软件开发过程认识的提高和飞跃。软件过程模型对软件开发的作用不论怎么强调也不算过分。然而,问题是:迄今为止,软件过程的本质是什么尚不清楚;现有的众多模型,包括已被证明具有重大影响的模型,无一称得上是完善的、普遍适用的。论题“软件开发过程及其模型”分析、讨论各种重要的过程模型的发展、哲学基础、形式概念、本质特征、适用性及其优缺点。本文是论题的第一部分,以瀑布模型和快速原型模型为中心。其它模型将在第二部分中讨论。

SOFTWARE DEVELOPING PROCESS AND ITS MODELS (I)

Software Process Model (SPM) is guideline and overall framework for software developments. Until now, however, the essence of software process is still unknown. None of present models is perfect and universally applicable to developing softwares. In this paper, the development of SPM, their philosophical foundation, concept, essential characteristics, adaptability, the related merits and shortcomings are discussed. The first part focuses on waterfall model and rapid prototyping model, and others will be dealt with in the second part.