花椒精油对赤拟谷盗虫卵的实仓熏蒸毒力研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从花椒中提取精油,用GC-MS分析了花椒提取物中的主要化学成分,并研究了在不同量干香菇充填及不同熏蒸时间条件下花椒精油对赤拟谷盗虫卵的熏蒸毒力效果。研究结果表明:花椒精油的提取率为7.2%,出油率相对较高;提取的花椒精油中主要含有芳樟醇(相对质量分数为68.46%)、柠檬烯(相对质量分数为7.53%)、b-萜品烯(相对质量分数为4.13%)等;以质量为0,5,10,15,30 g的干香菇填充熏蒸装置,并以花椒精油熏蒸24 h后,赤拟谷盗虫卵的致死中浓度cL50分别为34.83,36.84,40.34,52.48和117.35μL/L;熏蒸48 h后,cL50分别为29.28,32.72,33.21,35.42和77.63μL/L;熏蒸72 h后,cL50分别为20.29,21.35,22.55,25.63和51.12μL/L。随着干香菇填充质量的增加,花椒精油对赤拟谷盗虫卵的熏蒸效果降低;另外,延长熏蒸时间也可提高花椒精油对赤拟谷盗虫卵的熏蒸毒力,达到较好的杀虫效果。

Research on Toxicity of Pepper Essential Oil on Tribolium Eggs in Fumigation Equipment Filled with Dried Mushrooms

Abstract： The pepper essential oil was extracted through steam distillation, and the chemical composition of the essen- tial oil was assessed via GC-MS. The fumigation effect of different amounts of dried mushrooms and exposure time of the pepper oil against tribolium castaneum egg was studied. The results show that the extraction rate of the pepper oil is 7.2%, which is relatively higher. The chemical composition of the oil mainly contains linalool （relative content 68.46% ）, limonene （relative content 7.53 % ）, b-terpinene （relative content 4.13 % ）, et al. When filled with different weights of dried mushrooms（0,5,10,15,30 g）, the CL50 of 24h fumigation are respectively 34.83, 36.84, 40.34, 52.48 and 117.35 μ L/L. The CL50 Of 48 h fumigation are respectively 29.28, 32.72, 33.21, 35.42 and 77.63 μ L/L. The CL50 of 72 h fumigation are respec- tively 20.29, 21.35, 22.55, 25.63 and 51.12 μL/L. As dried mushrooms filling volume increases, the fumigation effect against tribolium castaneum egg reduces. The method of extending the exposure time can also improve the fumigation effect of pepper essential oil and achieve a better insecticidal effect.