不同干燥方式对金针菇菇根粉物理性质的影响

采用热风干燥、微波真空干燥、变温压差膨化干燥及真空冷冻干燥技术制备金针菇菇根粉,研究不同干燥方式对金针菇菇根粉物理性质的影响。结果表明:真空冷冻干燥粉体色泽保持最好,其次是微波真空干燥和变温压差膨化干燥;真空冷冻干燥和微波真空干燥粉体粒度和跨度较小,且粒度更均匀。热风干燥和变温压差膨化干燥粉体流动性及压片成型性较好;微波真空干燥和真空冷冻干燥粉体持水能力较强,真空冷冻干燥粉体持油力最强,达1.8 g/g;热风干燥和变温压差膨化干燥粉体水溶性较强,微波真空干燥最弱。真空冷冻干燥和微波真空干燥金针菇菇根粉适宜作为功能原料添加到食品中或吸附在食品表面。热风干燥和变温压差膨化干燥菇根粉适宜压制片剂及进行可溶性成分提取。 

Effect of drying methods on powder physical properties of Flammulina velutipes root

Using the drying technology of hot air drying,microwave vacuum drying,explosion puffing drying,vacuum freeze-drying were used to prepare Flammulina velutipes root powder. The effects of different drying methods on powder physical properties of Flammulina velutipes root were studied.The results showed that the vacuum freeze-dried powder keep the best color,followed by microwave vacuum drying and explosion puffing drying.The Flammulina velutipes root powder prepared by vacuum freeze-drying and microwave vacuum drying particle size and the particle dispersion was significantly smaller than the hot air drying and explosion puffing drying,more uniform particle size. The Flammulina velutipes root powder prepared by hot air drying and explosion puffing drying were better flowability and compression molding. The Flammulina velutipes root powder prepared by microwave vacuum drying and vacuum freeze-drying had strong water holding capacity,and strongest oil holding capacity,up to 1.8 g/g. The Flammulina velutipes root powder prepared by hot air drying and explosion puffing drying had strong water solubility,and the microwave vacuum dried powder had worst water solubility.The Flammulina velutipes roots powder prepared by vacuum freeze-drying and microwave vacuum drying were suitable as a functional material added foods or adsorbed on the surface of the food.The Flammulina velutipes roots powder prepared by hot air drying and explosion puffing drying were suitable compressed tablets and extract the soluble component.