Performance of alkaline electrolyte-membrane-based direct ethanol fuel cells

A single alkaline direct ethanol fuel cell (alkaline DEFC) with an anion-exchange membrane and non-platinum (non-Pt) catalysts is designed, fabricated, and tested. Particular attention is paid to investigating the effects of different operating parameters, including the cell operating temperature, concentrations of both ethanol and the added electrolyte (KOH) solution, as well as the mass flow rates of the reactants. The alkaline DEFC yields a maximum power density of 60 mW cm⁻², a limiting current density of about 550 mA cm⁻², and an open-circuit voltage of about 900 mV at 40 °C. The experimental results show that the cell performance is improved on increasing the operating temperature, but there exists an optimum ethanol concentration under which the fuel cell has the best performance. In addition, cell performance increases monotonically with increasing KOH concentration in the region of low current density, while in the region of high current density, there exists an optimum KOH concentration in terms of cell performance. The effect of flow rate of the fuel solution is negligible when the ethanol concentration is higher than 1.0 M, although the cell performance improves on increasing the oxygen flow rate.