盆地“原型”及其相关外延称谓与研究

盆地“原型”或“原型”盆地，目前已成为业界使用频率较高的专业术语和热词。但在已公开发表的大量文献中，对盆地“原型”一词内涵的理解和表述却不尽相同。通过对公开发表论著和内部文献的溯源分析认为，朱夏1982年给盆地“原型”（prototype）一词赋予了新的内涵，提出盆地原型是指（某一地史阶段）一种地球动力机制（环境）形成的一个结构构造形式和沉积实体单元。（小型）简单盆地即为一个盆地原型，大型复杂盆地总是包含着若干个不同类型的盆地原型。随时间发展，盆地原型的类型是变化的。盆地“原型”是朱夏学术思想和科学理论体系的重要组成部分，已具有专属性的具体科学内涵和术语符号。对盆地发育过程中原始状况未经明显改造的盆地，建议在不同语境中选用“原始盆地”、“原盆地”、“原盆”系列同义术语。盆地的原始状况，可涵盖与盆地形成演化和成藏（矿）作用各类相关内容的原始状况。对遭改造盆地的原盆和原型恢复难度大，因其形成作用多样、改造过程复杂、恢复的证据和结论多解性强。将原盆和原型恢复的要点概括为：寻觅证据、厘定属性、建模复原和重塑过程。这4方面工作彼此关联、循序渐进。

The prototype basin and its nomenclatures and research

The prototype basin has become a hot nomenclature, which is widely used in the geoscience field. However, in a large number of publications, the understanding and expression of the prototype basin are quite different. Based on the analyses of the published and intramural documents, we believe that the prototype basin was newly defined by ZHU Xia in 1982, proposing that the prototype basin refers to a structural form and sedimentary entity formed in a geodynamic context (environment) during a certain geological history. A simple (small scale) basin is a prototype basin, and a large complex basin always contains several different prototype basins, which means the prototype basin varies over time. The nomenclature of the prototype basin should be an important part of ZHU Xia's academic thought and scientific theoretical system, which has a specific scientific connotation and nomenclature. It is suggested that the prototype basin and its synonymous nomenclature should be used in specific contexts for those basins whose original conditions have not been obviously transformed in the course of basin development. The original conditions contain the formation, evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation (mineralization) and several other related aspects of the basin. It is very difficult to reconstruct a reformed basin and get its prototype due to the complicated formation process, complex late reformation and uncertainty of reconstruction evidence and interpretations. The key points to reconstruct the original basin or the prototype basin can be summarized as: searching the evidence, determining the basin attributes, modeling the original state and remodeling the process, all of which need to be interrelated and carried out step-by-step.