基于热负荷自动调节的延迟焦化加热炉三点注汽量智能优化

针对国内某炼油厂延迟焦化加热炉三点注汽问题，采用热负荷自动调节的算法进行了研究。运用该模型方法，分析了三点注汽量对加热炉热负荷和炉管结焦系数的影响，发现三点注汽量的改变均会对热负荷和炉管结焦系数产生影响，主要表现为提高注汽量将会提高热负荷，同时降低结焦系数；第1点注汽量和第2点注汽量对热负荷和结焦系数的影响较强，第3点注汽量对热负荷和结焦系数的影响较弱。在实际操作中，加热炉中的结焦程度既不能太强也不能太弱，合适的结焦系数能够保证正常开工周期里炉管不结焦，也能保证瓦斯、注汽量等参数的合理分配。通过对热负荷、注汽量的智能分配，可得到不同原料油加工负荷条件下更加合理的装置运行方案。

INTELLIGENT OPTIMIZATION OF THREE-POINT STEAM INJECTION RATE IN DELAYED COKER FURNACE BASED ON AUTOMATIC REGULATION OF HEAT LOAD

A heat load automatic adjustment simulation method was applied for three-point steam injection in a delayed coker furnace. Based on the model，the influence of three-point steam injection rate on the coking degree and heat consumption was analyzed. The results showed that the rate of steam injection affected the heat consumption and the coking degree. Improving the steam injection rate would increase the heat consumption and decrease the coking degree at the same time. The steam injection rate of the first and the second point were sensitive to heat consumption and the coking degree, while the steam injection rate of the the third point had only weakly influence on the heat consumption and coking degree.In practice, the coking degree in the heating furnace can neither be too strong nor too weak, and the appropriate coking degree can ensure the furnace tube pipe not coking in the normal on-stream period and guarantee the economic consumption of methane gas,steam injection at the same time. Through intelligent distribution of heat load and steam injection, more reasonable operation schemes under different oil processing load of the device can be obtained.