俄制50-1-4Ф航空润滑油氧化生色物质组成分析

采用ASTM D4636标准方法对俄制50-1-4?航空润滑油进行高温氧化试验，针对润滑油氧化颜色发红问题，创新性地采用甲醇/水溶液萃取生色物质，并采用气相色谱-质谱联用方法研究了萃取物的化学组成。结果表明：抗氧剂N-苯基-1-萘胺是造成50-1-4?航空润滑油颜色发红的关键因素；甲醇/水溶液对酯类油生色物质的萃取富集具有极好的效果；生色物质主要包括抗氧剂自身及1-乙酰基-3-(6-甲基-3-吡啶基)-吡唑啉、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二十二烷基酯等复杂衍生物。

COMPOSITION ANALYSIS OF COLORING SUBSTANCES OF RUSSIAN-MADE 50-1-4Φ AVIATION LUBRICATING OIL UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION

In this paper, the high temperature oxidation experiment of Russian-made 50-1-4? aviation lubricating oil was carried out according to ASTM D4636 standard method. The color redness problem of lubricating oil due to oxidation was investigated by an innovative extracting method with aqueous methanol solution and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The chromogenic substances were analyzed. The results showed that the antioxidant T531 was the key factor causing the color redness of the 50-1-4? aviation lubricating oil. The chromophores mainly included the antioxidants themselves and the complex derivatives, such as 1-acetyl-3-(6-methyl-3-pyridinyl) -pyrazoline, dibutyl phthalate, and dialkyl phthalate. It is proved that the aqueous methanol solution has an excellent effect on the extraction and enrichment of chromogenic materials in ester oil.