国内外管道设计标准中管道壁厚计算方法差异

中国在中亚地区建设运营多条长输油气管道。管道设计执行标准存在的分歧,各国标准技术水平的差异,可能造成管道投资增加。研究分析了中国、俄罗斯、美国和加拿大管道设计标准中管道壁厚计算方法的差异,阐述了管道壁厚计算方法中设计系数、屈服强度、设计壁厚、公称壁厚和安全裕量等关键参数的含义和取值依据。结合典型管道设计示例,按照各国管道设计标准给出了壁厚计算值。研究表明,俄罗斯管道设计标准中考虑因素最全面,壁厚计算基于管材抗拉强度,计算值偏于保守;加拿大管道设计标准中管道强度设计系数略高于中国标准和美国标准,按照加拿大管道设计标准设计的壁厚值最小。研究分析成果可为国内外新建管道工程设计提供参考。

The Difference in Calculation Method of Pipeline Wall Thickness in Domestic and Foreign Pipeline Design Standards

China has constructed and operated several long distance oil and gas pipelines in central Asia.The differences in the standards of pipeline design implementation,the differences in standard technology level between countries may lead to an increase in pipeline investment.It is necessary to carry out the comparison analysis to the national pipeline design standard.The important differences of pipeline design standards between China,Russia,United States and Canada in the calculation method of wall thickness were studied.The meaning and value selection of the key parameters such as design factor,yield strength,design wall thickness and safety allowance in the wall thickness calculation method were expounded.Combined with typical pipeline design examples,the wall thickness calculation value was given according to the national pipeline design standards.The result shows that the most comprehensive factors are considered in Russian pipeline design standards.The calculation of wall thickness is based on the tensile strength of the pipe and the calculated value is conservative.In the Canadian pipeline design standard,the pipeline strength design coefficient is slightly higher than the Chinese and American standards,and the wall thickness designed according to the Canada pipeline design standard is the smallest.The research results can provide reference for new pipeline engineering design.