多管程管箱法兰密封性能探讨

采用金属包垫的多管程管壳式热交换器在进行耐压试验时经常发生管箱法兰密封泄漏现象。对多管程管箱法兰的密封结构进行分析,认为造成泄漏的主要原因是分程隔板加强了管箱法兰的刚度,使得垫片在分程隔板作用范围内的接触面积增大,导致计算的预紧力无法满足实际所需的预紧力。对多管程管箱法兰的密封修正计算方法进行探讨,认为采用Water算法设计多管程管箱法兰存在局限性。为提高密封性能,在进行多管程管壳式热交换器密封设计时应优先考虑采用垫片参数较小的柔性石墨波齿复合垫片。

Discussion on Sealing Performance of Multi-tube Channel Flange

During the hydraulic tests of the multi-pass tubular heat exchangers with metal gaskets at the channel flange,leakage was very common.The seal structure of the multi-pass channel flange was analyzed and a complicated forming machenism was comfirm as the main cause of the leakage.The rigidity of the flange at the channel is strengthened by the partition plate,which increases the contact area of the gasket in the range of the partition plate,resulting in the pretension force not meeting the actual pretension force required.The calculation method of the sealing correction of the multi-pass channel flange was discussed and the limitation in using the Water algorithm for the design of the channel flange was found.In order to improve the sealing performance,the corrugated flexible graphite gasket with smaller gasket parameters should be given priority during the design of the multi-pass shell and tube heat exchangers.