雪卡毒素的研究现状

为给预防雪卡毒素引起的食物中毒提供借鉴，对雪卡毒素的来源、化学结构和性质、引起中毒的症状和对人类的危害进行了综述。提出了预防雪卡毒素中毒的措施：减少进食珊瑚鱼，一餐中只吃少量食用珊瑚鱼；不要进食鱼的头、肝、生殖部分、肠及卵等含毒素较多部位；进食珊瑚鱼时不要喝酒或进食果仁，因为一旦中毒，症状会变得更严重；曾经雪卡毒素中毒的人再次中毒的机会较大，症状会更严重，要戒吃珊瑚鱼。雪卡毒素今后的研究方向为雪卡毒素毒理学研究，雪卡毒素制备方法的研究，雪卡毒素检测方法的研究，建立雪卡毒素安全预警体系，雪卡毒素拮抗剂研究。

Review of studies on ciguatoxin

In order to prevent food poisoning evoked by ciguatoxin, the sources, chemical structure, properties, poisoning symptoms and the hazard to humans of ciguatoxin were summarized. The measures to guard against ciguatoxin were put forward: reducing intake of coral fish, taking only a little edible coral fish in a meal; don't eat the toxin-accumulated head, liver, gonad, intestines and spawns of the fish; don't drink wine or eat nuts with the fish. The symptoms will be more serious in case of poisoning. Those who have been poisoned should refrain from coral fish because they were apt to be poisoned again. The future research objects about ciguatoxin will mainly be focused on the poisoning mechanism, preparation methods, measuring methods, establishing the precaution system and the antagonistic agents of ciguatoxin.