富锂盐湖提锂工艺研究进展

通过对富锂盐湖物质来源的分析，论述了全球富锂盐湖的成因以及主要分布区域，列出了全球主要富锂盐湖的锂资源量及分布情况。按照富锂盐湖水化学组分的不同将富锂盐湖划分为碳酸盐型、硫酸盐型和氯化物型三大类，并根据盐湖水Mg/Li比值的大小分为高镁锂比和低镁锂比卤水。按照上述对富锂盐湖的分类，对不同类型的富锂盐湖锂资源的开发工艺进行了详细的综述。提出盐湖提锂工业化进程需解决以下几个问题：开发能耗低、工艺简单、成本低、污染小的工艺路线；注重矿产的综合开发利用、提高矿产开发的附加值；将提锂工艺的开发和环境保护结合起来。

Research progress of lithium extraction process in lithium-containing salt lake

The origins and main distribution areas of global lithium-containing salt lakes are discussed though the analysis of material sources of lithium-containing salt lakes in the paper. The deposits of lithium resource of global lithium-contained salt lakes are presented. According to the chemical composition of brine，the lithium-containing salt lakes can be divided into three categories：carbonate，sulfate and chloride. According to the value of Mg/Li ratio，the brine can be further divided into high and low ratio of Mg/Li. The development processes of lithium resources in different types of lithium-containing salt lakes are reviewed. The following problems should be solved in commercialization of lithium extraction from salt lake：lower energy consumption; simpler process; lower cost; less pollution; emphasizing on comprehensive development and utilization of minerals; improving the added value of minerals; combination of lithium extraction with environmental pretention.