Functional group‐assisted green synthesised superparamagnetic nanoparticles for the rapid removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution |
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| Authors: | Kamaraj Nithya Asha Sathish Ponnusamy Senthil Kumar Thiagarajan Ramachandran |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering & Material Science, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita University, Coimbatore India ; 2. Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita University, Coimbatore India ; 3. Department of Chemical Engineering, SSN College of Engineering, Chennai 603 110 India |
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| Abstract: | Superparamagnetic nanoparticles (NPs) prepared using the capping agent derived from the Lantana camara fruit extract were used to study the adsorption of chromium ions. Characterisation techniques such as scanning electron microscope, energy‐dispersive X‐ray, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to study the NP features and adsorption mechanisms. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir isotherm was found to be 41 mg/g. The chemical nature of the adsorption is confirmed with the results of Dubinin–Radushkevich model and thermodynamic studies. In addition, thermodynamically favourable and spontaneous adsorption is considered to be a good indication for the removal of metal ions. Out of the kinetic models investigated, the experiments exhibited the best fit to pseudo‐second‐order model, advocating for surface‐based adsorption, involving both physical and chemical interactions. It is also significant to note that 85% of the adsorption occurs in the first 10 min, and hence the selected adsorbent is also claimed for rapid removal of metal ions. The newly synthesised adsorbent hence possesses remarkable properties in terms of simple synthesising technique, low cost, rapid uptake and improved efficiency without generating harmful byproducts.Inspec keywords: superparamagnetism, nanoparticles, magnetic particles, nanofabrication, nanomagnetics, adsorption, chromium, Fourier transform infrared spectra, X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray chemical analysis, magnetometry, thermodynamic propertiesOther keywords: functional group‐assisted green synthesis, superparamagnetic nanoparticles, hexavalent chromium ions, aqueous solution, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectra, X‐ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometry, TGA, Dubinin‐Radushkevich model, thermodynamic model, Langmuir isotherm, monolayer adsorption capacity, surface‐based adsorption, pseudosecond‐order adsorption model, chemical interactions, physical interactions, Cr |
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