Biophytum sensitivum nanomedicine reduces cell viability and nitrite production in prostate cancer cells

Phytomedicine research received tremendous attention for novel therapeutic agent due to their safety and low cost. We assessed a novel nanoformulation of Biophytum sensitivum (BS), natural flavonoids for their improved efficacy and superior bioavailability against crude extract for prostate cancer cells (PC3). We prepared a nanomedicine of BS by nanoprecipitation method and size analysis via DLS and SEM revealed a range of 100–118 nm and surface zeta potential as −9.77 mV. FTIR was performed to evaluate functional for presence of carbonyl and aromatic rings, respectively. Human PC3 cells showed concentration at 0.5, 0.8, and 1 mg/ml dependent cytotoxicity 22, 39, and 56% for 24 h, whereas 43, 41, and 67% for 48 h of BS nanomedicine compared with crude 11, 22, and 53% for 24 h and 38, 31, and 60% for 48 h, respectively. Haemocompatibility of BS nanomedicine at the concentration of 0.5, 0.8, and 1 mg/ml did not show blood aggregation. Cellular uptake was confirmed using rhodamine‐conjugated BS nanomedicine for 48 h. Interestingly, BS nanomedicine 1 mg/ml decreases the nitrite productions in PC3 cells. Collectively, BS nanomedicine has the potential anti‐cancer agents with biocompatible and enhanced efficacy can be beneficial for the treatment of prostate cancerInspec keywords: nanomedicine, cancer, cellular biophysics, tumours, solubility, scanning electron microscopy, electrokinetic effects, Fourier transform infrared spectra, bloodOther keywords: Biophytum sensitivum, cell viability, nitrite production, prostate cancer cells, phytomedicine, therapeutic agent, natural flavonoids, pharmacological anti‐tumour agent, anti‐cancer agent, aqueous solubility, metabolism, dissolution rates, bioavailability, dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, surface zeta potential, FTIR, cytotoxicity, haemocompatibility, blood aggregation, cellular uptake level, cell membrane, cell nucleus, rhodamine‐conjugated BS nanomedicine, wave number 3358.07 cm^‐1 , wave number 2312.65 cm^‐1 , wave number 1737.86 cm^‐1 , wave number 1508.33 cm^‐1 , time 24 h, time 48 h