Assessment of cytotoxicity and immune compatibility of phytochemicals‐mediated biosynthesised silver nanoparticles using Cynara scolymus
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| Authors: | Wioletta Florkiewicz Dagmara Malina Klaudia Pluta Karolina Rudnicka Adrian Gajewski Ewa Olejnik Boena Tyliszczak Agnieszka Sobczak&#x;Kupiec |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow Poland ; 2. Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, University of Lodz, Lodz Poland ; 3. Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Department of Engineering of Cast Alloys and Composites, AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow Poland ; 4. Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Cracow University of Technology, Cracow Poland |
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| Abstract: | The study was focused on the phytochemicals‐mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using leaf extracts and infusions from Cynara scolymus. To identify the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content, the 1,1‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl and Folin–Ciocalteau methods were applied, respectively. The formation and stability of the reduced silver ions were monitored by UV–vis spectrophotometer. The particle sizes of the silver nanoparticles were characterised using the dynamic light scattering technique and scanning electron microscope. The phase composition of the obtained silver nanoparticles was characterised by X‐ray diffraction. The silver nanoparticles suspension, artichoke infusion, and silver ions were separately tested towards potential cytotoxicity and pro‐inflammatory effect using mouse fibroblasts and human monocytes cell line, respectively. The total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract and infusion were found significantly higher as compared to aqueous extract and infusion. The UV–visible spectrophotometric analysis revealed the presence of the characteristic absorption band of the Ag nanoparticles. Moreover, it was found that with the increasing volume of plant extract, the average size of particles was increased. Biocompatibility results evidently showed that silver nanoparticles do not induce monocyte activation, however in order to avoid their cytotoxicity suspension at a concentration <2 ppm should be applied.Inspec keywords: pharmaceuticals, health and safety, renewable materials, toxicology, organic compounds, antibacterial activity, X‐ray diffraction, nanomedicine, nanoparticles, nanofabrication, suspensions, ultraviolet spectra, visible spectra, scanning electron microscopy, silver, particle sizeOther keywords: phytochemicals‐mediated biosynthesis, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, dynamic light scattering technique, silver nanoparticles suspension, scanning electron microscopy, Cynara scolymus, 1,1 diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl method, cytotoxicity, immune compatibility, leaf extracts, UV‐vis spectrophotometry, particle size, Folin‐Ciocalteau methods, phase composition, X‐ray diffraction, artichoke infusion, pro‐inflammatory effect, mouse fibroblasts, human monocytes cell line, Ag |
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