电驱动客车制动能量回收气压调节模块研究

以电驱动客车制动能量回收系统气压调节模块中的两种阀块为研究对象进行对比研究。对电磁开关阀,建立耦合动力学模型,研究其在不同控制频率和占空比下的增减压特性,为实现气压的精确调节,提出了逻辑门限值控制算法,并验证了气压精确调节的有效性。由于电磁开关阀是非连续控制,响应时间慢,压力波动频繁,无法实现精确控制,而比例继动阀是连续控制,控制精度高。对比例继动阀,建立非线性数学模型,分析其迟滞特性、压力响应特性,设计了前馈补偿与带积分抗饱和的PI控制相结合的控制器。对两种阀进行了硬件在环试验,结果表明,相对于电磁开关阀,比例继动阀在控制效果、制动平顺性方面都有很大改善。

Pressure Regulating Module of Regenerative Braking in Electric Bus

Two kinds of valves in the regenerative braking pressure regulating module of an electric bus are taken as the research object. For the solenoid valve, the coupling dynamic model is established and the characteristics of the valve at different control frequencies and duty ratios are researched. In order to achieve precise pressure adjustment, the logic threshold control algorithm is proposed, and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified. But the solenoid valve is controlled discontinuously with long response time as well as frequent pressure fluctuation, which makes it unable to realize accurate control. In contrast, the proportional relay valve is used for continuous control with high control precision. For the proportional relay valve, a nonlinear mathematical model is established and the hysteresis characteristics and pressure response are analyzed. A PI controller with feed forward and anti-windup compensation is designed. The results of the two valves’ hardware-in-the-loop test show that control performance and brake comfort are significantly improved when the proportional relay valve is used.