深海高压环境下O形密封圈的密封性能研究

针对深海高压环境下的O形密封圈,建立了有限元模型,仿真分析了O形密封圈在不同硬度、不同工况下的密封性能,探讨了O形密封圈的材料硬度、径向压缩率和外界压力对密封接触压力的影响。研究表明,在径向压缩率为17%~26%的范围内,O形密封圈的材料硬度与截面压缩率相比,材料硬度的增加对初始接触压力的提高的影响更加显著;在静水压力的作用下,O形密封圈具有良好的自紧性能,并且接触压力始终大于外界静水压,其密封安全裕度的大小约为初始接触压力;经分析计算,邵氏硬度90 HA的聚氨酯O形密封圈,在22%的初始安装压缩率的条件下,密封安全裕度约为10 MPa,能满足6 km深海高压密封的要求。为进一步验证有限元分析的正确性,进行了O形密封圈的深海试验,试验结果表明密封可靠,与仿真结果相一致。

Sealing Performance of O-ring in Deep Sea High Pressure Environment

The finite element model for the O-ring used in the deep sea environment is established. The sealing performance of the O-ring with different hardnesses and under different working conditions is analyzed; the influence of material hardness under different compression ratios and the external pressures on the sealing performance is discussed. In the range of compression ratio of 17%~26%, it is more effective for the initial contact pressure to increase the material hardness of the O-ring than to increase the compression rate of the installation. O-ring has good self-tightening performance, which makes the sealing pressure always higher than the external pressure, and the safety margin maintained at the initial sealing pressure value. The O-ring shore hardness 90 HA is selected, which can meet the sealing requirements in the 6000 m meters deep environment, under the condition of the initial installation compression ratio of 22%. Deep sea experiments are carried out to verify the correctness of finite element analysis.