不同电压等级架空输电线路雷电防护特征分析

对不同电压等级架空输电线路的雷电防护特征进行比较分析，可为提出输电线路的雷电防护策略提供参考。以我国110kV至 1 000kV交流输电线路以及±500kV至±800kV直流输电线路为分析对象，对其绕击特征和反击特征进行了分析，并提出了不同电压等级输电线路雷电防护重点。110kV和220kV交流输电线路应重点关注反击问题；500kV和750kV交流输电线路应重点关注在高接地电阻地区的反击问题和山区的绕击问题；1 000kV交流输电线路的反击闪络率极低，可考虑采用杆塔自然接地以降低建设成本，同时需关注山区的边相导线绕击问题；±500kV、±660kV和±800kV直流输电线路应主要关注在山区的绕击闪络问题。

Lightning Protection Characteristics of Overhead Transmission Lines with Different Voltage Grades

Contrastive analysis on lightning protection characteristics of overhead transmission line can be the reference for the lightning protection strategy of transmission line. Taking 110 kV to 1 000 kV AC transmission lines and ±500 kV to ±800 kV DC transmission lines in China as analysis object, the characteristics of back striking and shielding failure were analyzed, and the lightning protection keys for overhead transmission lines with different voltage grades were proposed. For the 110 kV and 220 kV AC transmission lines, back striking should be focused on. For the 500 kV and 750 kV AC transmission lines, back striking should be focused on in the area with high grounding resistance and shielding failure should be noticed in mountain area. For the 1 000 kV AC transmission lines, due to the low flashover rate of back striking, the construction cost could be reduced by applying the natural grounding body of the tower, and it also should focus on the shielding failure of side conductors in mountain area. For ±500 kV, ±660 kV and ±800 kV DC transmission lines, the shielding failure flashover in mountain area should be focused on.