高瓦斯低透气性煤层不同瓦斯抽采方式的研究

煤层的瓦斯抽采是避免煤矿瓦斯灾害发生的根本防治措施。根据瓦斯解吸理论,提出通过水力割缝及水力冲孔技术,在煤体中人为再造裂隙,增大煤体在空气中的暴露面积,同时形成瓦斯流动通道,达到加快瓦斯解吸,提高瓦斯抽放效果的目的。本文以水力割缝及水力冲孔进行机理分析为基础,根据在阳泉矿区某煤矿回风巷中进行现场实验,对普通钻孔抽放瓦斯、水力冲孔抽放瓦斯以及高压水力割缝抽放瓦斯三种方案进行比较。实验结果表明,相对于高瓦斯矿井中通常采用的普通钻孔抽放瓦斯,水力割缝技术瓦斯抽放量提高了4.11-4.34倍,水力冲孔技术瓦斯抽放量提高了0.46-0.56倍。水力冲孔对提高瓦斯抽放速度作用不明显。

The Study of Different Gas Extraction Methods in High Gas and Low Permeability Coal Seam

The gas extraction in coal seam is a fundamental preventive measure to prevent gas explosions in coal mines. According to the theory of gas desorption, this measure aims to create fractures artificially and improve exposure of coal in air by adopting hydraulic seam and hydraulic punching technology, forming a channel for gas and speeding up gas desorption to promote gas drainage. The paper, on the one hand, conducts a mechanism analysis on the hydraulic cutting seam and hydraulic flushing seam. On the other hand, it focuses on an on-site experiment conducted on a coal mine in Yangquan, Shanxi. This experiment is designed to compare three solutions: ordinary gas suction by drilling, gas suction by hydraulic flushing seam and gas suction by hydraulic cutting seam. The result shows that compared with ordinary gas suction by drilling commonly used in high gas mines, the gas drainage rate of hydraulic cutting seam technology is 4.11-4.34 times higher while the gas drainage rate of hydraulic flushing seam technology is 0.46-0.56 times higher. The hydraulic flushing seam doesn’t play a big role in improving the speed of gas drainage.