仿生农用杀菌剂银泰的研制与应用

银泰（１－对羟基苯基丁酮）是以银杏外种皮提纯物白果酚为先导化合物仿生合成的一种杀菌剂。其中,银杏果实乙醇粗提物８畅３倍和２５倍液对苹果腐烂病抑菌率达１００％和５０％;银杏果实外种皮提纯物白果酚２００倍和４００倍液对苹果腐烂病病菌抑菌率均为１００％。２０％银泰微乳剂对苹果腐烂病、番茄灰霉病等４种病菌EC５０为１７畅２６～４８畅４３mg桙L,分别优于对照药剂;田间防治小麦纹枯病等４种病害效果达８５％以上;对非靶标生物安全,且不易产生抗药性。仿生合成的银泰原药对大白鼠毒性试验,经口、经皮LD５０均为４６４０mg桙kg,２０％银泰乳油对大白鼠毒性试验,经口LD５０为３１６０mg桙kg,经皮LD５０为２１５０mg桙kg;亚慢性经口毒性（９０d）试验雌为１９畅１mg桙kg,雄为１８畅３mg桙kg;Ames、细胞微核和染色体畸变试验均为阴性结果。

Research on Bionic Fungicide Yintai and Its Application

Yintai(p-hydroxy butrophenone) is a kind of bionic fungicides synthesized by simulating the lead compound of ginkgol isolated from the exosperm of ginkgo fruit.8.3-time diluted solution of alcohol crude extract from the ginkgo fruit showed 100% inhibtion on the pathogen of apple canker(Valsa mali),and 50% inhibition for the 25-time solution.Both 200-time and 400 time solutions of ginkgol,extracted from external seed coat of ginkgo,had 100% inhibition on pathogen of apple canker(Valsa mali).EC_(50) of 20% Yintai ME against 4 kinds of pathogens,including apple canker,tomato gray mold,and so on,ranges from 17.26 mg/L to 48.43 mg/L,better than the contrast chemicals respectively.Field control effects on 4 kinds of diseases,e.g.,Rhizoctonia cerealis,are higher than 85%,with safety to non-target organisms,and no symptom of pesticide resistance.Both LD_(50) of acute oral toxicity and LD_(50) of acute dermal toxicity to mouse are (4 640 mg/kg) by Yintai technical material,and(3 160) mg/kg and(2 150) mg/kg by 20% Yintai EC coorespondingly.Trials of subchronic toxicity(90 days) revealed that oral toxicity was 19.1 mg/kg for female,and 18.3 mg/kg for male,with negative results on Ames test,micro-nucleus test,and chromosome-type aberration test.