输电线路雷电绕击及其防雷研究

基于Whitehead电气几何模型原理对输电线路防雷提出如下建议：伸入城市的110kV或220kV线路可以不设架空避雷线，并将导线稍为抬高，以减少输电线路的成本和其电磁场对居民的影响；在保证足够安全距离的前提下，保护和种植线路下面的灌木有利于防雷；对跨过雷电活动频繁山谷的输电线路，可以另拉一条与线路平行的钢绞线作为侧面架空避雷线，以防止侧面雷击。还建议用屏蔽效率作为杆塔和输电线路防雷电绕击的指标；并按杆塔所在地面倾角的大小或不同雷电日地区选择合适的保护角塔型，使同一条线路具有基本一致的屏蔽效率。

Study on Shielding Failure of the Power Transmission Line and its Lightning Strike Proof

The lightning strike proof of transmission lines is studied based on Whitehead Electrogeometric Model. It is suggested as following: First, the transmission line at the voltage levels of 110 kV or 220 kV through city areas could be built without the overhead ground wire and be a little higher than usual to reduce the cost and the electromagnetic impact on the residents; Second, on the premise to ensure adequate safe distance, it could be favourable for lightning strike proof to plant and maintain shrubs under the transmission line; Third, for the transmission line that is through a valley where the lightning strike frequency is high, a parallel overhead ground wire is recommended to prevent the lightning strike from side. It is also suggested that the shielding efficiency be used as an index to stand against the shielding failure of towers and transmission lines. Furthermore, the tower configuration should be adopted according to ground situation and lightening strike frequency of the area in order to keep the whole line at almost the same shielding efficiency.