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Investigation of the composition-dependent properties of BaTi1?xZrxO3 ceramics prepared by the modified Pechini method
Authors:Marco Deluca  Catalina A Vasilescu  Adelina C Ianculescu  Daniela C Berger  Cristina E Ciomaga  Lavinia P Curecheriu  Laurentiu Stoleriu  Andreja Gajovic  Liliana Mitoseriu  Carmen Galassi
Affiliation:1. Institut für Struktur- und Funktionskeramik, Montanuniversitaet Leoben, Peter Tunner Straße 5, 8700 Leoben, Austria;2. Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH, Roseggerstraße 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria;3. Department of Oxide Materials Science and Engineering, Polytechnics University, 1-7 Gh. Polizu, P.O. Box 12-134, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;4. Department of Physics, “Al. I. Cuza” University, Bv. Carol 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania;5. Molecular Physics Laboratory, Division of Materials Physics, Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Bijenicka 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;6. Institute of Science and Technology of Ceramics ISTEC-CNR, Via Granarolo 64, I-48018 Faenza, Italy;1. State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China;2. XJTU-Oxford International Joint Laboratory for Catalysis, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710049, China;3. Engineering Research Center of Advanced Ferroelectric Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, 721013, China;1. Laboratory of Condensed Matter and Nanostructures (LMCN), Cadi-Ayyad University, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Department of Applied Physics, Marrakech, Morocco;2. Laboratory for Calorimetry and Dielectric Spectroscopy, Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia;3. Laboratoire de physique de la matière Condensée (LPMC), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 33 Rue Saint-Leu, 80039 Amiens Cédex, France;1. Multi-disciplinary Materials Research Center, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an 710049, China;2. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Ferroelectric-related New Energy Materials and Devices, School of Materials and Metallurgy, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China;3. School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, China;1. Energy Harvest–Storage Research Center and Department of Physics, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, South Korea;2. Basic Science Department, Faculty of Industrial Education, Helwan University, Saray El-Quba, Cario 11281 Egypt;1. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA-Altamira, Programa de Doctorado en Tecnología Avanzada, Grupo CIAMS, Km 14.5, Carretera Tampico-Puerto Industrial Altamira, 89600 Altamira, Tamps, Mexico;2. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA-Altamira, Grupo CIAMS, Km 14.5, Carretera Tampico-Puerto Industrial Altamira, 89600 Altamira, Tamps, Mexico.;3. Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S.C., CIMAV, Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, 31120, Mexico;4. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ctra. Valencia km 7, 28031 Madrid, Spain;5. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, IIM, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, México D.F. 04510, Mexico;1. Electronic Materials Research Laboratory, Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education & International Center for Dielectric Research, School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an 710049, China;2. Faculty of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
Abstract:Single phase and dense BaTi1?xZrxO3 (BTZ) ceramics (x = 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) were obtained from nanopowders synthesised by the modified Pechini method. The evolution of both Raman spectra and low-field dielectric properties against temperature indicated the occurrence of diffuse ferroelectric–paraelectric phase transitions for all the BTZ compositions under investigation. The evolution of first-order reversal curves (FORC) diagrams emphasised the crossover from the ferroelectric towards the relaxor state as the Zr content increased. Lower values of the Curie temperatures than those usually reported earlier in the literature were obtained for all the BTZ samples analysed here. The high-field tunability data completed the low-field and Raman results, showing that by increasing Zr addition, multiple polarisation components with various weights are responsible for the dielectric and ferroelectric properties.
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