Mode I and mode II delamination properties of glass/vinyl-ester composite toughened by particulate modified interlayers |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Design Office—Mount Stromlo Observatory, Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Cotter Road, Weston, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia;2. Department of Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G8, Canada;1. Department of Chemistry and Centre for Scientific Modelling and Computation, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China;2. National Supercomputing Centre in Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518055, People''s Republic of China;1. Electroplating and Metal Finishing Technology Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute, Karaikudi-630003, Tamilnadu, India;2. National Centre for Catalysis Research, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, Chennai-600036, India;1. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Health Care of Children and Youth of Vojvodina, Serbia;2. University of Exeter-Medical School, UK;3. Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, UK;4. University of Novi Sad, Department of Biology-Genetics, Serbia;1. Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, W.B., India;2. Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt, 9/163-AC, 1060 Vienna, Austria |
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| Abstract: | Various vinyl-ester (VE)/poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (ABS) blends were used for interlayer-toughening of a glass/VE composite to increase delamination resistance of the base material under mode I and mode II loading. Dry ABS powder was mixed with the liquid resin in four weight ratios: 3.5, 7, 11 and 15 phr (parts per hundred parts of resin) while the layer thickness was varied within the range of 150–500 μm. Firstly, mode I fracture toughness and tensile properties of the VE/ABS blends were assessed. By using the Raman Spectroscopy technique a chemical reaction was discovered which occurred during ABS–VE mixing: i.e. butadiene transition from the ABS particles to the VE. A butadiene saturation was discovered to occur in the VE beyond 7% ABS particle content. Both mode I and mode II fracture toughness were significantly improved with application of the interlayers. Mode I fracture toughness was found to be a function of layer thickness and particle content variations. The latter dominated GIc after the saturation point. On the other hand mode II fracture toughness was found to be independent of the layer thickness (within the used layer thickness range) and only moderately influenced by the particle content. Important Toughening mechanisms were plastic deformation and micro-cracking of the layer materials. Evidence of both mechanisms has been found using optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). |
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