海上油基钻屑热脱附装置研制与应用

油基钻屑环境危害大,经济价值高,处理难度大,国内外研究方向聚焦在实现油基钻屑的无害化处理、资源化利用和经济效益最大化。对油基钻屑处理技术的优缺点进行分析,优选出热脱附法是适合海上平台油基钻屑处理的技术路线。研究了热脱附技术,制定出技术路线图,并制造出第1代热脱附装置,在南海A平台开展测试,测试结果显示,单反应釜设计,处理速度慢,反应釜故障对整个系统影响大; 装置故障率高,处理效率低; 装置集成度低,安装周期长,占地面积大。针对以上问题,将装置改造升级为第2代热脱附装置:增加岩屑箱翻转架,提高上料速度; 双反应釜设计,提高处理速度; 装置集成为制氮装置撬、上料装置撬、热脱附装置撬、尾气处理撬、冷凝换热装置撬5大撬块,并在南海B平台应用。结果显示,占地面积由150 m²减小为120 m²,安装周期由7 d缩短至3 d,装置运行86 d,共处理1 116.4 t油基钻屑,平均日处理量13.0 t/d,最大日处理量21.7 t/d,处理后干渣含油率在1.3%～1.7%。

Development and Application of Thermal Desorption Devicefor Offshore Platform Oil-based Drill Cuttings

Oil-based drill cuttings have high economic value, but the environmental hazards are high, and the treatment is difficult. The harmless treatment of oil-based drill cuttings, as well as resource utilization and economic benefits maximizing are research directions at home and abroad. Both advantage and disadvantage of current treatment technologies for oil-based drilling cuttings were analyzed, thermal desorption technology was chosen for offshore platform. The thermal desorption technology has been studied, a technical route has been worked out, and the first generation thermal desorption device has been manufactured and tested on the South China Sea A platform. The test results show that the single reactor design has a slow processing speed, and the reactor failure has a great impact on the entire system. The device has a high failure rate, low processing efficiency, low integration, long installation period, and large occupied area. In response to the above problems, the device was upgraded to the second-generation thermal desorption device: feeding flip shelf was added to improve feed-in speed, double reactors increased processing speed significantly, all components were integrated as 5 skids: nitrogen generating skid, feed-in skid, thermal desorption reacting skid, tail gas processing skid, condensation heat exchanger skid. Field application was carried out on offshore platform B. The results show that the floor area has been reduced from 150 m² to 120 m², the installation period has been shortened from 7 d to 3 d, and the device has been operating for 86 d to process a total of 1 116.4 t of oil-based drill cuttings. The average daily processing capacity is 13.0 t/d, the maximum daily treatment capacity is 21.7 t/d, and the oil content of the dry residual oil-based drill cuttings after treatment is 1.3%～1.7%.