Ti3SiC2/Cu复合材料的制备与摩擦磨损性能

以Ti₃SiC₂陶瓷粉和Cu粉作为原料，采用放电等离子烧结(SPS)工艺制备Ti₃SiC₂/Cu块体复合材料，研究不同Ti₃SiC₂添加含量及烧结温度对Ti₃SiC₂/Cu复合材料的组织、致密度和显微硬度的影响，研究SPS后Ti₃SiC₂/Cu复合材料的摩擦磨损性能。研究表明:采用SPS工艺制备的Ti₃SiC₂/Cu复合材料的Ti₃SiC₂在Cu中分布均匀，但随着Ti₃SiC₂含量的增加和烧结温度的升高，组织中出现团聚趋势，部分Ti₃SiC₂与Cu在界面处发生互溶现象，互溶增强了Ti₃SiC₂与基体的结合能力；Ti₃SiC₂含量和烧结温度对Ti₃SiC₂/Cu复合材料的致密度和显微硬度影响较大，当烧结温度为900℃时，Ti₃SiC₂/Cu复合材料的致密度达到99.7%，接近完全致密，Ti₃SiC₂/Cu复合材料的硬度较纯Cu提高了2倍左右；对于不同Ti₃SiC₂含量的Ti₃SiC₂/Cu复合材料的磨损机制也有所差异，当Ti₃SiC₂含量较低时(1vol%~5vol%)，磨损机制为磨粒磨损和黏着磨损；随着Ti₃SiC₂含量的增加(10vol%~15vol%)，Ti₃SiC₂发挥了本身的自润滑性，Ti₃SiC₂/Cu复合材料的摩擦磨损性能有所改善，磨损机制转为犁削磨损和轻微黏着磨损；当Ti₃SiC₂含量增加到20vol%时，Ti₃SiC₂/Cu复合材料的磨损表面变得均匀而平整，表明Ti₃SiC₂/Cu复合材料的耐磨性提高。 

Preparation and tribological properties of Ti3SiC2/Cu composites

The Ti₃SiC₂/Cu composites were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) process using Ti₃SiC₂ ceramic powder and Cu powder as raw materials. The effect of content of Ti₃SiC₂ and sintering temperature on the microstructure, relative density and hardness of Ti₃SiC₂/Cu composites were investigated, and the friction and wear properties of the Ti₃SiC₂/Cu composites after SPS were also studied. The results show that Ti₃SiC₂ are evenly distributed in Cu matrix for the Ti₃SiC₂/Cu composites prepared by SPS process. But with the increase of Ti₃SiC₂ content and sintering temperature, agglomeration trend appears in the tissue, and some Ti₃SiC₂ and Cu miscibility at the interface enhances the ability to bind to the matrix. The Ti₃SiC₂ content and sintering temperature have a great influence on the density and microhardness of the Ti₃SiC₂/Cu composites. When the sintering temperature is 900℃, the density of the Ti₃SiC₂/Cu composites reaches 99.7%, which is close to complete density. The hardness of the Ti₃SiC₂/Cu composites is about 2 times higher than that of pure Cu. The wear mechanism of Ti₃SiC₂/Cu composites with different Ti₃SiC₂ contents is also different. When the content of Ti₃SiC₂is low (1vol%–5vol%), the wear mechanism is abrasive wear and adhesive wear. With the increase of Ti₃SiC₂ content (10vol%–15vol%), it gives play to its self-lubricity, the friction and wear properties of the Ti₃SiC₂/Cu composites are improved, and the wear mechanism is changed to plough cutting and slight adhesive wear. With the content of Ti₃SiC₂ further increases to 20vol%, the wear surface becomes uniform and flat, indicating that the wear resistance of the Ti₃SiC₂/Cu composites is enhanced.