8种乳酸菌发酵荔枝汁-大豆蛋白的氨基酸代谢特征研究

本文目的在于探究8种乳酸菌发酵荔枝汁-大豆蛋白的氨基酸代谢差异,分析不同乳酸菌的氨基酸代谢特征。本研究以荔枝汁-大豆蛋白为培养基,选择8种乳酸菌在37 ℃温度下培养18 h,测定发酵前后乳酸菌发酵液活菌数及氨基酸含量。结果表明,发酵前后共检测到17种氨基酸,发酵后氨基酸总量从582.79 mg/100 g下降至427.97 mg/100 g。不同乳酸菌发酵后的氨基酸总量差异明显,副干酪乳杆菌FJAT-13741(365.95 mg/100 g)<嗜热链球菌FJAT-43774(369.36 mg/100 g)<发酵乳杆菌FJAT-13771(411.03 mg/100 g)<植物乳杆菌FJAT-13737(417.54 mg/100 g)<短乳杆菌FJAT-43776(438.14 mg/100 g)<鼠李糖乳杆菌FJAT-13807(462.38 mg/100 g)<嗜酸乳杆菌FJAT-13772(477.65 mg/100 g)<德氏乳杆菌FJAT-43773(481.52 mg/100 g)。聚类分析结果显示,8种乳酸菌的氨基酸代谢特征分为3组,高含量组含1种氨基酸、中含量组含5种氨基酸、低含量组含11种氨基酸;根据氨基酸含量,8种乳酸菌可分为三类,高含量组含3种乳酸菌,中含量组含3种乳酸菌,低含量组含2种乳酸菌。进一步构建了乳酸菌的氨基酸代谢特征指数(AAMCI),表示功能性氨基酸占氨基酸总量的比值,其中比值最高的为德氏乳杆菌FJAT-43773(54.32%),最低的为嗜热链球菌FJAT-43774(47.82%)。研究结果将为荔枝乳酸菌饮品研制菌株的筛选提供理论依据。

Study on Amino Acid Metabolism Characteristics of Litchi Juice-Soybean Protein Fermented by Eight Lactic Acid Bacteria

This study was aim to explore the different amino acid metabolism characteristics of Litchi juice-soybean protein fermented by eight lactic acid bacteria. Thelitchi juice-soybean protein was fermented by eight different lactic acid bacteria at 37 ℃ for 18 h. The number of lactic acid bacteria and the content of amino acid in the ferementation broth were detected. The results showed that 17 kinds of amino acids were measured.The total contents ofamino acid was decreased from 582.79 mg/100 g to 427.97 mg/100 g after fermentation.The total amino acids of different lactic acid bacteria were significantly different,e.g. Lactobacillus paracei FJAT-13741(365.95 mg/100 g)