气密型化学防护服研究进展

针对当前国内外危险化学品事故灾害频发、生化恐怖袭击威胁日益严峻、防化装备研发及生产体系不健全,国内个体化学防护装备特别是气密型化学防护服的材料研发、结构设计、装备生产、性能检测及选择使用亟待规范等问题,梳理了国际标准、美国消防协会标准、欧洲标准及中国国家标准中涉及气密型化学防护服的产品分类及性能要求,介绍了国内外气密型化学防护服市场上主流产品的防护性能、结构特征、产品认证情况及其发展现状,对比分析了化学防护领域广泛应用的防护材料种类及性能。研究表明:尽管目前采用高分子膜制作化学防护面料的国内厂商较少,但部分面料的防护能力已经能够同时达到国家标准、国际标准和欧洲标准的要求;建议相关行政管理部门继续给予化学防护行业必要的政策扶持,以尽快实现高性能化学防护装备的国产化、规模化及体系化。

Recent progress in gas-tight chemical protective clothing

In view of the frequent and serious hazardous chemical accidents at home and abroad, the increasingly severe threat of bioterrorist attacks, the imperfection in research and development and production of chemical protective equipment, it is necessary to normalize the material development, structure design, production, performance testing, selection and application of personal protective equipment, especially the gas-tight chemical protective clothing. This paper briefly reviewed the product classification and their performance requirements of gas-tight chemical protective clothing according to international standards, American, European and Chinese national standards. The protective properties, structure characteristics, product certification and development status of gas-tight chemical protective clothing on the market were introduced. The properties and product certification of wide-used chemical protective materials were compared. The research status shows that despite few domestic manufacturers are engaged in the production of chemical protective fabrics with polymer membranes, the protective properties of some fabrics are able to meet the requirements of Chinese national, international and European standards. To this end, it is recommended that the relevant administrative departments continue to provide the necessary policy support for the chemical protection industry in order to implement the localization, scale and systemization of high-performance chemical protection equipment as soon as possible.