中国陆上深层油气勘探开发关键技术现状及展望

近年来中国深层油气勘探开发得到快速发展，而技术发展则起到了非常重要的支撑作用。针对中国深层油气复杂的工程地质环境，梳理了近年来取得长足发展的四大技术体系，主要包括：①深层复杂构造地震成像与储集层预测技术体系，包含针对深层的地震“两宽一小”采集技术、逆时偏移处理技术、复杂构造综合建模技术和变速成图技术，提高了构造解释精度，保证了深层地质体的高精度成像和预测；②深层提速增效钻井工艺技术体系，大幅度提高了钻井速度，降低了钻井成本和钻井风险；③深层高温高压测井评价技术体系，为准确判别储层性质及流体性质提供了保障；④深层高效开发技术体系，特别是深层储层提高改造体积技术的发展和成熟，提高了单井产量和深层油气开发的效益。在分析基础上，针对今后深层油气勘探开发面临的挑战，从①深层地震采集处理及解释技术、②深层安全高效钻完井与控制关键技术、③深层高温高压测井评价技术以及④深层油气藏改造、堵水与举升技术4个方面指出了深层油气勘探开发技术的未来发展方向，并强调发展适用性和经济性的技术体系是实现深层油气高效、低成本勘探开发的关键。

Status and prospects of exploration and exploitation key technologiesof the deep oil & gas resources in onshore China

In recent years，China’s deep oil & gas exploration and exploitation has developed rapidly.Technological development has played an important role in rapid exploration and high efficiency development.Aimed at the complex engineering geological environment of deep oil & gas in China，this paper has combed the four technological systems that have made great progress，mainly including:(1)seismic imaging and reservoir prediction techniques for deep complex structures，“2W1S” technique (wide-band，wide azimuth and small bin)，RTM (Reverse Time Migration)，integrated modeling technology for belt，and variable velocity mapping technique，improving structural interpretation accuracy，ensuring high precision imaging and prediction of deep geological bodies；(2)deep speed raising and efficiency drilling technology series，which greatly improved the drilling speed，reduced drilling cost and drilling risk；(3)development of deep high temperature and high pressure logging technology series，which provided a guarantee for the accurate identification of reservoir properties and fluid properties；(4)the deep and efficient development technology，especially the deep reservoir，which improved the development and maturity of the reconstruction volume technology， the production of single well and the benefit of deep oil and gas development.Based on the analysis of the current development of the four major technological systems，focused on the challenges of deep oil and gas exploration and development，this paper further points out the development direction of the four major technology series of deep oil and gas exploration and development，pointing out that the development of technical system of applicability and economy is the key to realize high efficiency and low cost exploration and development of deep oil and gas.