光催化分解水制氢体系助催化剂研究进展

煤、石油、天然气等不可再生能源的消耗导致环境污染日益严重,开发和使用清洁的可再生能源迫在眉睫。利用太阳能光催化分解水制氢被认为是解决化石能源紧缺和环境污染问题的有效途径之一。光催化分解水制氢体系非常复杂,助催化剂是影响催化剂光催化效率的一个关键因素,它的引入可以有效提高催化剂的光催化活性和氢气产生速率,因此,开发廉价高效的助催化剂已逐渐成为本领域的研究热点。本文结合光催化分解水制氢原理,简要介绍了助催化剂的作用,对近年来光催化分解水产氢助催化剂的种类和研究内容进行了总结,分析和讨论了几类重要助催化剂的特点及作用机理,并对助催化剂的发展进行了展望,以期为新型高效光催化制氢材料的设计提供参考。

Progress of Co-catalysts in the Systems of Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

The consumption of non-renewable energy resources such as coal,oil and natural gas leads to more and more se-rious environment pollution problems,which makes the utilization of clean and renewable energy deserve immediate and intense at-tention.Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution has been considered to be one of the effective approaches to solve fossil energy shortage and environmental pollution problems.However,the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction system is complicated,in which the co-catalyst have a crucial effect to the photocatalyst's efficiency and can effectively promote the hydrogen evolution rate during the photocatalytic process,hence the development of cheap and efficient co-catalyst has become one of the research focus.This paper briefly introduces the reaction mechanism of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and the roles of co-catalysts in the photocatalytic sys-tems,summarizes the variety of co-catalysts and relevant research,and analyzes the characteristics and mechanism of several princi-pal types co-catalysts including metals,transition metal sulfides,transition metal oxides,transition metal hydroxides,phosphides, and composites.The paper ends with a prospective presentation of the future research directions,and is expected to provide reference for the innovation and development of highly efficient photocatalysts applying to hydrogen evolution systems.