分布式水文模型研究与应用进展

分布式水文模型是探索和认识复杂水文循环过程和机理的有效手段，也是解决许多水文实际问题的有效工具。当前水多（洪水）、水少（干旱）、水脏（水质污染）、水浑（土壤侵蚀）的现状，以及全球气候变化和数字水文学的兴起，为分布式水文模型的研究、开发和应用带来了巨大的挑战。本文从当前水文水资源研究的热点问题出发，系统总结了分布式水文模型在解决水文学面临的重要问题中研究与应用的现状以及主要进展与不足，探讨了分布式水文模型的发展趋势，并讨论了建模中存在的难点问题和关键技术。

Progress on Studies and Applications of the Distributed Hydrological Models

Distributed hydrological model is an effective way to investigate and understand the processes and mechanism of complex hydrological cycles, and also an efficient tool to solve practical water problems. Presently, water problems including floods, droughts, water pollution and soil erosion, as well as the occurrence of global climate change and digital hydrology, is making a great challenge for the studies, development and applications of distributed hydrological models. From the key issues in the field of hydrology and water resources, the state-of-the-art, major progress and problems in studies and applications of distributed hydrological models have been summarized in this study. Possible tendency, major difficulties, and key technologies in the development of distributed hydrological models have been presented in this paper.