中式高耸古木塔风压分布与体型系数风洞试验研究

中式高耸古木塔是世界建筑文化遗产的重要组成部分之一，是中国的建筑瑰宝。风灾是最为常见的自然灾害之一，因此，古木塔在风荷载作用下风压与风荷载分布是需要特别关注的。该文开展了高耸古木塔风洞试验，研究了门窗封闭状态下，墙面与各层屋檐区域的风压分布规律，并计算了木塔各区域体型系数。在试验基础上，计算了风荷载层间力与倾覆弯矩，并与实测结果进行了对比。结果表明:木塔迎风面中上部风压系数最大，而背风面风压系数为负，与现代建筑表面风压分布相似，但木塔表面形状特殊，屋顶及斜侧面等位置的风压分布具有独特性。对比分析结果表明:根据风洞试验结果计算的风荷载与现场实测结果趋势一致，基底剪力与弯矩误差小于14%。该文通过风洞试验获得了复杂中式高耸古木塔的风压分布规律，可为高耸古木建筑的保护提供技术基础，也为类似仿古建筑抗风设计提供参考。

INVESTIGATION ON WIND PRESSURE AND SHAPE FACTOR OF HIGH-RISE ANCIENT CHINESE WOODEN PAGODA VIA WIND TUNNEL TEST

High-rise Chinese wooden pagoda is an important part of the world's heritage and an architectural treasure of China. Wind disaster is one of the most common natural disasters, therefore, the wind pressures and loads of wooden pagoda under wind action should be specially focused. A wind tunnel test of the wooden pagoda in Yingxian, China is carried out. The wind pressure distribution in the wall zones and roof zones of wooden pagoda with enclosed windows and doors under the wind action is analyzed and the shape factors of wooden pagoda are calculated. On the basis of the test, the wind story forces and overturning moments are calculated and compared with the field monitoring results. The results show that the largest wind pressure coefficient occurs on the upper part of the windward side for the wooden pagoda, while the wind pressure coefficient on the leeward side is negative, which has some similarity with the wind pressure distribution in modern buildings. The wind loads calculated by the wind tunnel test have the same trend as the measurement monitor results and the errors of the base shear force and overturning moment are less than 14%. The wind pressure distribution of the wooden pagoda is studied via the wind tunnel test. This study provides a basis for the protection of the wooden pagoda and the similar high-rise ancient wooden tower architectures.