基于人工智能的BIM疏散设计自动化方法

针对目前建筑信息模型(BIM)消防疏散路径人工绘制的耗时问题,从提高设计效率出发,提出了一种基于深度Q学习(DQN)与A*结合的混合算法,并以此开发了一种基于该算法的BIM疏散自动设计工具.首先,房间疏散路径使用A*算法进行绘制;然后使用改进的DQN算法确定楼层疏散中疏散门至安全出口的路径再以A*算法绘制.在DQN算法...

BIM evacuation design automation based on artificial intelligence

To reduce the time cost of manual design of the Building Information Modeling(BIM)fire evacuation routes and to enhance design efficiency,an improved algorithm was proposed based on Deep Q Learning(DQN)and A*algorithm,through which a BIM evacuation design automation tool developed.First,the evacuation path of the room was drawn by A*algorithm.Then,the path from the evacuation door to safety exit in floor evacuation was determined using the improved DQN algorithm,and was drawn by A*algorithm.On the basis of the DQN algorithm,we redesigned reward matrix assignment and added reward matrix verification to improve the correctness of floor evacuation.Finally,we applied the improved algorithm-based evacuation design automation tool to practical projects.The results show that this improved algorithm can not only draw the route correctly,but also increase the efficiency by 2 to 3 times compared with manual drawing.The efficiency of this algorithm can be further improved by server deployment and hardware upgrades.At present,the automatic design tool has been adopted in several actual projects of Shanghai Digital Architecture Fabrication Technology Center(SFAB),Tongji Architectural Design(Group)Co.,Ltd.