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In vivo examination of the local inflammatory response after implantation of Ti6Al4V samples with a combined low-temperature plasma treatment using pulsed magnetron sputtering of copper and plasma-polymerized ethylenediamine |
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| Authors: | Andreas Hoene Maciej Patrzyk Uwe Walschus Vítězslav Straňák Rainer Hippler Holger Testrich Jürgen Meichsner Birgit Finke Henrike Rebl Barbara Nebe Carmen Zietz Rainer Bader Andreas Podbielski Michael Schlosser |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Surgery, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany 2. Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Group of Predictive Diagnostics, University Medical Center, Ernst Moritz Arndt University of Greifswald, Greifswalder Str. 11c, 17495, Karlsburg, Germany 3. Institute of Physics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany 4. Leibniz Institute of Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Greifswald, Germany 5. Biomedical Research Center, Department of Cell Biology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany 6. Department of Orthopaedics, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany 7. Department of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hospital Hygiene, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany |
| Abstract: | Copper (Cu) could serve as antibacterial coating for Ti6Al4V implants. An additional cell-adhesive layer might compensate Cu cytotoxicity. This study aimed at in vitro and in vivo evaluation of low-temperature plasma treatment of Ti6Al4V plates with Ti/Cu magnetron sputtering (Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu), plasma-polymerized ethylenediamine (Ti6Al4V–PPEDA), or both (Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu–PPEDA). Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu and Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu–PPEDA had comparable in vitro Cu release and antibacterial effectiveness. Following intramuscular implantation of Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu, Ti6Al4V–PPEDA, Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu–PPEDA and Ti6Al4V controls for 7, 14 and 56 days with 8 rats/day, peri-implant tissue was immunohistochemically examined for different inflammatory cells. Ti6Al4V–PPEDA had more mast cells and NK cells than Ti6Al4V, and more tissue macrophages, T lymphocytes, mast cells and NK cells than Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu–PPEDA. Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu had more mast cells than Ti6Al4V and Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu–PPEDA. Results indicate that PPEDA-mediated cell adhesion counteracted Cu cytotoxicity. Ti6Al4V–Ti/Cu–PPEDA differed from Ti6Al4V only for mast cells on day 56. Altogether, implants with both plasma treatments had antibacterial properties and did not increase inflammatory reactions. |
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